While their efficacies are not in doubt, however their cost is prohibitive, and adverse effects are sometimes seen. This review describes the evolution of biotherapy, mode of action of biologics, indications for their use and challenges. It also gives our experience in the use of these agents among Nigerian patients seen in a private practice rheumatology clinic between 2007-2019.Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Stroke mortality has been shown to be higher in blacks in multiracial studies. It is also a very important cause of disability with its attendant deterioration in the quality of life in survivors.
The study sought to determine the risk and prognostic factors associated with stroke in Jos, North Central Nigeria.
A prospective cohort study of stroke patients that were followed up for 90 days to determine outcomes. The stroke patients were admitted into the neurology unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital between September 2016 and August 2018.
We recruited a total of 246 subjects comprising 131 (53.3%) males aged 59.5 ± 13.1 years and 115 (46.6%) females aged 56.7 ± 14.2 years. Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and alcohol consumption were the commonest risk factors identified. The 90-day case fatality rate of stroke was 22%. Elevated glycated haemoglobin (p = 0.001), loss of consciousness at presentation (p &lt;0.001), atrial fibrillation (p= 0.022), cardiac disease (p &lt; 0.001) and HIV infection (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with poor outcome for stroke. Furthermore, subjects with a high NIHSS had three times the risk of death compared with those with low scores (RR = 2.93; 95% CI = 2.38 - 3.61, p &lt;0.001).
The prognosis of stroke was poor. The predictors of poor stroke outcome were coma, HIV infection, cardiac disease, high NIHSS and total cholesterol.
The prognosis of stroke was poor. The predictors of poor stroke outcome were coma, HIV infection, cardiac disease, high NIHSS and total cholesterol.Musculoskeletal disorders often pose significant limitation to activities of daily living due to pain or disability. These disorders often arise as a result of the normal aging process, but most have some predisposing factors that are lifestyle-related, especially in younger people as a result of repeated mal- posturing/ misuse of parts of the body in the course of their jobs or recreations. These disorders cause more functional limitations in the older adult population than any other group of disorders. Thus, with increasing aging of most populations of the world, it is expected that the burden of these disorders will continue to rise. There is paucity of epidemiological data on this subject and no published study showing the ease of affordability of treatment for these conditions in Nigeria, hence this study.
A cross -sectional study of patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions attending the orthopaedic outpatient clinic of Ahmadu Bello university Teaching Hospital between 1st July 2019 and 31st ccessible to all.Determine factors associated with noninstitutional deliveries (NIDs) in urban and rural communities of Ebonyi state, Nigeria.
Community based cross-sectional comparative study design was used. Two stage sampling technique was used to select 660 women in 4 out of 13 local government areas. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2157299.html Information was obtained using a pre-tested, interviewer administered questionnaire. Respondents were womenwho have delivered in past one year irrespective of place of delivery. Outcome measure was proportion of women who did not deliver with a skilled birth attendant.
Comparable proportion of respondents delivered outside health facilities, (urban, 14.5%; rural, 10%) (p=0.075). Decisions were made mainly during labour (urban, 43.8%; rural, 36.4%). Predictors of NID in urban areas included receiving no formal antenatal care, (AOR = 50.4; 95%CI 14.4-177.2), being &lt;30 years, (AOR = 2.9; 95%CI1.1- 8.0) and previous history of Caesarean section, (AOR = 0.05, 95%CI 0.01-0.5). Predictor of NID in rural areas was not recei index in Nigeria.Stroke risk in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) can be detected by abnormalities of cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFV), measurable by Transcranial Doppler Imaging (TCDI) ultrasonography. This has become an important strategy in the routine care of children with SCA globally.
To determine the pattern of CBFV and document the proportion of children with SCA at risk of stroke at National Hospital Abuja (NHA), Nigeria using TCDI.
This was a cross-sectional study of 130 children aged 2-16 years with SCA attending the haematology clinic at NHA. Systematic random sampling method was used in recruiting the participants and CBFV over the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were measured by TCDI technique. The criteria from the stroke prevention (STOP) trial in SCA used to stratify stroke risk, as modified for TCDI was employed to evaluate CBFV from the study. Thus, CBFV (stroke risk) were normal (standard) &lt; 155cm/sec, conditional 155-179cm/sec and abnormal (high) &gt;180cm/sec.
There were 130 children with SCA, aged 7.7 ± 4.1 (mean age ± SD) years; and 59.2% were males. This study documented CBFV (stroke risk) as normal 106 (81.5%), conditional 15 (11.5%) and abnormal (high) 9 (6.9%) in the MCA. The highest CBFV was recorded in the right MCA and ICA with 272cm/sec and 262cm/sec, respectively. There were significant interhemispheric differences between the CBFV on the right and left of PCA and ICA.
This study documented that a significant proportion of children with SCA in Nigeria were at risk of stroke. Hence, the need for routine monitoring for stroke risk in children with SCA.
This study documented that a significant proportion of children with SCA in Nigeria were at risk of stroke. Hence, the need for routine monitoring for stroke risk in children with SCA.The advent of laparoscopy has been a notable landmark in surgery; however, there is a slow progress to widespread utilization in West Africa.
To study the awareness and practice of laparoscopic surgery among trainee surgeons in Nigerian tertiary hospitals while highlighting measures to mitigate challenges.
A cross-sectional study conducted during a 2-week West African College of Surgeons update course in September 2018 at Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was distributed to registered trainee surgeons for completion. Data collated included demographics, cognitive knowledge, common procedures in centres, referrals, routine practice, performing laparoscopic surgeon, and routine practice. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 20 Armonk NY USA.
There were 184 registered trainee surgeons with 80 respondents from 26 Nigerian tertiary health facilities. The age range was 29 -51 years (mean 35.0 ± 4.4) and a mean training duration of 3.3 years (R2= 0.